The Great Rufous Woodcreeper (Xiphocolaptes major) is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily, the woodcreepers. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. At 155 g (5.5 oz) and 35 cm (14 in), this is the largest woodcreeper and, if correctly allied with the family, is the largest furnariid.